Calluses and Corns: Calluses or corns are painful thickening and build up of skin. They are typically found at points of pressure, over bony areas, or on the bottom of the foot. These hard raised areas of skin are formed by repeated friction and pressure from skin rubbing against bony areas or against a shoe. Calluses and corns can be avoided by wearing supportive shoes with a wide toe box and low heel along with not using tight fitting shoes, socks, and hosiery. If you do not have diabetes, soaking your feet in warm water and using a pumice stone or file to remove the skin buildup can be very helpful.
Blisters: Blisters are only painful but can prevent you from doing your favorite activities. Blisters located on the foot can vary in size and shape. They are commonly caused by excessive friction due to ill-fitting shoes, stiff shoes, excessive moisture, or wrinkled socks rubbing against the skin. Blisters can be easily treated at home if simple precautions are followed. First, it is important to clean around the blister with water and soap. If the blister is not causing pain, it is best to allow the blister to heal by itself but if this is not possible, the blister can be drained. A sterilized needle should be used (wipe it with rubbing alcohol and place in boiling water for 30 min) to drain the blister by carefully inserting the needle in a corner of the blister close to the bottom of the foot. Make sure not to remove the loose skin that covers the blister and coat the area with antibiotic cream before covering with moleskin or band-aid.
Warts: Warts are a painful thickening of the skin. Viruses typically cause warts after they enter the skin through a small cut or abrasion. The virus normally finds these entrances on the bottom of the foot. Once the virus grows, it forms a hard, flat, elevated bump. Warts can be avoided by keeping the feet clean and dry. It is important to change shoes daily and avoid walking barefoot to prevent coming in contact with viruses. If a wart forms, do not dig it out yourself. See your local podiatrist for treatment options and recommendations. Podiatrists typically offer laser, chemical, or radiofrequency treatment plans.
By Dr. Jordanna Baker of Coastal Podiatry Associates, Myrtle Beach SC.